1 Introduction to Chemistry  

 

1.1   Evolution of Chemistry  

 

1.2   Modern Chemistry  

CHEMISTRY CONNECTION  “Worth Your Salt?”  

1.3   Learning Chemistry  

CHEMISTRY CONNECTION  A Student Success Story

Summary    •   Key Terms    •   Exercises  

Chapter Self-Test  

 

Prerequisite Science Skills  

 

PSS.1   Measurements

 

PSS.2   Significant Digits

PSS.3   Rounding Off Nonsignificant Digits

PSS.4   Adding and Subtracting Measurements

PSS.5   Multiplying and Dividing Measurements

PSS.6   Exponential Numbers

PSS.7   Scientific Notation

 

2 The Metric System  

 

2.1 Basic Units and Symbols

 

CRITICAL THINKING The International System of Measurement (SI)

2.2 Metric Conversion Factors

2.3 Metric—Metric Conversions

2.4 Metric—English Conversions

CHEMISTRY CONNECTION  The Olympics

CRITICAL THINKING World Trade Center

2.5   The Percent Concept

2.6 Volume by Calculation

2.7 Volume by Displacement

2.8 The Density Concept

2.9 Temperature

2.10   The Heat Concept

Summary   •   Problem-Solving Organizer  

Key Terms    •   Exercises  

Chapter Self-Test  

 

3 Matter and Energy  

 

3.1   Physical States of Matter  

 

3.2   Elements, Compounds, and Mixtures  

3.3   Names and Symbols of the Elements  

CRITICAL THINKING Aluminum or Aluminium?  

3.4   Metals, Nonmetals, and Semimetals  

CHEMISTRY CONNECTION  Elements 104 and Beyond  

3.5   Compounds and Chemical Formulas  

3.6   Physical and Chemical Properties  

3.7   Physical and Chemical Changes  

3.8   Conservation of Mass  

3.9   Potential and Kinetic Energy  

3.10    Conservation of Energy  

CHEMISTRY CONNECTION  Recycling Aluminum

Summary   •   Key Terms   •   Exercises  

Chapter Self-Test  

 

4 Models of the Atom  

 

4.1   Dalton Model of the Atom  

 

CHEMISTRY CONNECTION  John Dalton  

4.2   Thomson Model of the Atom  

4.3   Rutherford Model of the Atom  

4.4   Atomic Notation  

4.5   Atomic Mass  

CHEMISTRY CONNECTION  Heavy Water  

4.6   The Wave Nature of Light  

4.7   The Quantum Concept  

4.8   Bohr Model of the Atom  

CRITICAL THINKING Neon Lights  

4.9   Energy Levels and Sublevels  

4.10    Electron Configuration  

4.11    Quantum Mechanical Model of the Atom  

Summmary •   Key Terms   •   Exercises  

Chapter Self-Test  

 

5 The Periodic Table  

 

5.1   Classification of Elements  

 

CHEMISTRY CONNECTION  Dmitri Mendeleev  

5.2   The Periodic Law Concept  

5.3   Groups and Periods of El