Preface  

Acknowledgments  

Contributors and Affiliations  

CHAPTER 1: Language and Reading: Convergences and Divergences  

Alan G. Kamhi and Hugh W. Catts

Defining Language  

  Phonology  

 Semantics  

 Morphology  

 Syntax  

 Pragmatics  

Defining Reading  

Models of Spoken and Written Language Comprehension  

Comprehending Spoken and Written Language  

 Perceptual Analyses  

 Word Recognition  

 Discourse-Level Processes  

Differences between Spoken and Written Language  

 Physical Differences  

 Situational Differences  

 Functional Differences  

 Form Differences  

 Vocabulary Differences  

 Grammatical Differences  

 Processing Differences  

Basic Factors in Reading and Language Development  

Summary  

References  

CHAPTER 2: Reading Development  

Alan G. Kamhi and Hugh W. Catts

Emergent Literacy Period (Birth—Kindergarten)  

 Joint Book Reading  

 Learning about Print  

 Summary  

The Development of Word Recognition Skills  

 Logographic Stage  

 Alphabetic Stage  

 Orthographic Stage and Automatic Word Recognition  

 Problems with Stage Theories of Word Recognition  

 The Self-Teaching Hypothesis  

 Evaluating the Self-Teaching Hypothesis

The Development of Reading Comprehension  

 Misconceptions about Comprehension Development

Summary  

References  

CHAPTER 3: Defining and Classifying Reading Disabilities  

Hugh W. Catts, Alan G. Kamhi, and Suzanne A. Adlof

Historical Basis of Reading Disabilities  

 Early Reports  

 Orton  

 Johnson and Myklebust  

 The Modern Era  

Terminology  

Prevalence  

 Gender Differences

Defining Reading Disability  

 Exclusionary Factors  

 IDA Definition   

 Dyslexia as a Specific Learning Disability

 Problems in Word Recognition and Spelling

 Deficits in Phonological Processing

 Unexpected Underachievement

 Secondary Consequences

Classifying Dyslexia and Other Language-Based Reading Difficulties

 Subtypes Based on the Simple View of Reading  

 Classification Studies

 Other Subtyping Methods Based on Word Recognition Skills

 Combining Subtypes in Research and Practice

 Clinical Implications

References  

CHAPTER 4: Causes of Reading Disabilities  

Hugh W. Catts,  alan G. Kamhi, and Suzanne A. Adlof

Extrinsic Causes of Reading Disabilities  

 Early Literacy Experience  

 Reading Instruction  

 Matthew Effects  

Intrinsic Causes of Reading Disabilities  

 Genetic Basis  

 Neurological Basis  

 Visually-Based Deficits  

 Auditory Processing Deficits  

 Attention-Based Deficits  

 Language-Based Deficits  

References