Published by Addison-Wesley Professional (July 17, 2017) © 2018

Kyle Rankin
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    ISBN-13: 9780134173320

    Linux Hardening in Hostile Networks: Server Security from TLS to Tor,1st edition

    Language: English

    Implement Industrial-Strength Security on Any Linux Server

     

    In an age of mass surveillance, when advanced cyberwarfare weapons rapidly migrate into every hacker’s toolkit, you can’t rely on outdated security methods–especially if you’re responsible for Internet-facing services. In Linux® Hardening in Hostile Networks, Kyle Rankin helps you to implement modern safeguards that provide maximum impact with minimum effort and to strip away old techniques that are no longer worth your time.

     

    Rankin provides clear, concise guidance on modern workstation, server, and network hardening, and explains how to harden specific services, such as web servers, email, DNS, and databases. Along the way, he demystifies technologies once viewed as too complex or mysterious but now essential to mainstream Linux security. He also includes a full chapter on effective incident response that both DevOps and SecOps can use to write their own incident response plan.

     

    Each chapter begins with techniques any sysadmin can use quickly to protect against entry-level hackers and presents intermediate and advanced techniques to safeguard against sophisticated and knowledgeable attackers, perhaps even state actors. Throughout, you learn what each technique does, how it works, what it does and doesn’t protect against, and whether it would be useful in your environment.

    • Apply core security techniques including 2FA and strong passwords
    • Protect admin workstations via lock screens, disk encryption, BIOS passwords, and other methods
    • Use the security-focused Tails distribution as a quick path to a hardened workstation
    • Compartmentalize workstation tasks into VMs with varying levels of trust
    • Harden servers with SSH, use apparmor and sudo to limit the damage attackers can do, and set up remote syslog servers to track their actions
    • Establish secure VPNs with OpenVPN, and leverage SSH to tunnel traffic when VPNs can’t be used
    • Configure a software load balancer to terminate SSL/TLS connections and initiate new ones downstream
    • Set up standalone Tor services and hidden Tor services and relays
    • Secure Apache and Nginx web servers, and take full advantage of HTTPS
    • Perform advanced web server hardening with HTTPS forward secrecy and ModSecurity web application firewalls
    • Strengthen email security with SMTP relay authentication, SMTPS, SPF records, DKIM, and DMARC
    • Harden DNS servers, deter their use in DDoS attacks, and fully implement DNSSEC
    • Systematically protect databases via network access control, TLS traffic encryption, and encrypted data storage
    • Respond to a compromised server, collect evidence, and prevent future attacks

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    Foreword xiii

    Preface xv

    Acknowledgments xxiii

    About the Author xxv

     

    Chapter 1: Overall Security Concepts 1

    Section 1: Security Fundamentals 1

    Section 2: Security Practices Against a Knowledgeable Attacker 10

    Section 3: Security Practices Against an Advanced Attacker 20

    Summary 24

     

    Chapter 2: Workstation Security 25

    Section 1: Security Fundamentals 25

    Section 2: Additional Workstation Hardening 33

    Section 3: Qubes 37

    Summary 52

     

    Chapter 3: Server Security 53

    Section 1: Server Security Fundamentals 53

    Section 2: Intermediate Server-Hardening Techniques 58

    Section 3: Advanced Server-Hardening Techniques 68

    Summary 74

     

    Chapter 4: Network 75

    Section 1: Essential Network Hardening 76

    Section 2: Encrypted Networks 87

    Section 3: Anonymous Networks 100

    Summary 107

     

    Chapter 5: Web Servers 109

    Section 1: Web Server Security Fundamentals 109

    Section 2: HTTPS 113

    Section 3: Advanced HTTPS Configuration 118

    Summary 131

     

    Chapter 6: Email 133

    Section 1: Essential Email Hardening 133

    Section 2: Authentication and Encryption 137

    Section 3: Advanced Hardening 141

    Summary 156

     

    Chapter 7: DNS 157

    Section 1: DNS Security Fundamentals 158

    Section 2: DNS Amplification Attacks and Rate Limiting 161

    Section 3: DNSSEC 166

    Summary 175

     

    Chapter 8: Database 177

    Section 1: Database Security Fundamentals 177

    Section 2: Database Hardening 185

    Section 3: Database Encryption 191

    Summary 195

     

    Chapter 9: Incident Response 197

    Section 1: Incident Response Fundamentals 197

    Section 2: Secure Disk Imaging Techniques 200

    Section 3: Walk Through a Sample Investigation 209

    Summary 214

     

    Appendix A: Tor 215

    What Is Tor? 215

    How Tor Works 216

    Security Risks 219


    Appendix B: SSL/TLS 221

    What Is TLS? 221

    How TLS Works 222

    TLS Troubleshooting Commands 224

    Security Risks 224

     

    Index 229